标题
Legitimacy as Property and Process: The Case of an Irish LGBT Organization
摘要
This study provides insight into the changing normative judgements of civil society organizations over time through the concept of legitimacy. A case study of an LGBT organization in Ireland over the past 40 years shows how a process of legitimation took place in five steps: refuge, advocacy, formalization, impact, and organizational survival. The initial stigmatization of the organization’s core purpose created opportunities for social capital to grow, which, ironically, helped to initiate the process of legitimation. In the end, pragmatic legitimacy waned after the organization achieved impact and was successful in its mission. This organizational perspective on civil society and on a history of LGBT rights contributes to understanding the legitimacy of civil society organizations, actors which influence change in normative judgements over time. Treating legitimacy as both a property and a process highlights how these organizations can be simultaneously subjects of normative judgement and also agents of change.
研究问题
本研究通过合法性概念,探讨了爱尔兰一个LGBT组织在过去40年中如何通过五个步骤(庇护、倡导、正式化、影响和组织生存)实现合法化
方法与数据
本研究采用单案例研究方法,聚焦爱尔兰LGBT组织“彩虹伞”(RU)在过去40年中的合法化过程。研究结合了合法性的“属性”和“过程”双重视角,通过收集2013年至2018年的主要和次要数据,包括对14位利益相关者的访谈、组织文件(如战略计划、年度报告、出版物)以及社交媒体内容,构建了组织合法化的五个阶段:庇护、倡导、正式化、影响和组织生存。研究采用“时间分段策略”,将数据划分为不同阶段,分析每个阶段的组织角色、活动及其与环境的互动。此外,研究通过分析组织的慈善地位、董事会成员、邮件列表、社交媒体关注度以及公共拨款和私人捐赠等指标,衡量合法性作为“属性”的表现。数据收集和分析过程包括初步访谈、文献梳理、MBA咨询项目、主题编码和理论构建,最终通过反馈和调整完善了合法化过程模型。
研究发现
研究发现,公民社会组织(CSO)的合法性既是属性也是过程。负面评判反而激发了LGBT组织内部的社会资本积累,增强了成员间的凝聚力,启动了合法化进程。合法化过程包括五个阶段:庇护、倡导、正式化、影响和组织生存。正式化(如获得慈善地位)增强了实用性合法性,为后续成功(如同性婚姻公投)奠定了基础。研究还指出,合法性是社会建构的过程,CSO既是评判对象,也是变革推动者。未来研究可进一步探讨合法性授予的权力动态和国际LGBT运动的影响。