标题
Silencing Queerness – Community and Family Relationships with Young Ethnic Queers in Aotearoa New Zealand
摘要
The contribution that family and community make to the lives of ethnic young people is well documented. However, the support that queer ethnic young people receive from family and community is compromised by homophobic attitudes and behaviors influenced by misinformation, religious beliefs, and cultural practices. In Aotearoa New Zealand, the absence of research on young ethnic queers suggests that little is known about how this group fares in a close and culturally bound ethnic community within a predominantly white society. This in-depth qualitative study of 43 queer ethnic young people examined how community attitudes and behaviors toward queerness impacted their family and community relationships. Gossip, rumors, silence, stigma, and respectability politics resulted in gender silencing and monitoring, rejection, and self-exclusion. These behaviors exacerbated feelings of cultural alienation in a society where ethnic peoples are already racialized and minoritized, and where the lack of support systems compound an unsafe environment for queer ethnic young people. Homonegative attitudes within ethnic communities require education and interventions at the interpersonal as well as communal level. Families need professional support to address their shame toward children’s queerness and to consider the impact of prioritizing the politics of respectability over the wellbeing of their child.
研究问题
本文的研究问题聚焦于社区和家庭在少数民族年轻LGBTQ+人士生活中的作用,具体探讨了社区对LGBTQ+年轻人生活的影响、家庭对其酷儿身份的接受度、文化背景如何影响年轻人的身份认同,以及体面政治如何影响家庭对孩子酷儿身份及其公开表达的反应。研究通过分析新西兰年轻少数民族酷儿的经历,考察了他们在家庭和社区中的认同、接受与挑战,强调了文化和族裔背景对这些个体身份和归属感的关键作用。
方法与数据
本研究通过对43名18至35岁年轻少数民族同性恋者进行深入访谈,探索他们与家庭和社区的关系。研究者通过社交媒体、个人联系和网络邀请参与者,并确保访谈过程中不涉及任何令人不适或尴尬的问题,所有参与者均使用化名。访谈采取半结构化形式,访谈时间从一小时到四小时不等,地点灵活选择,如咖啡店、餐厅等。数据通过手动和NVivo软件编码,分析的主要主题基于访谈问题,子主题突出参与者最关注的领域。研究确保尊重酷儿社区,通过与彩虹社区和少数民族社区组织的磋商,确保方法和语言的适宜性。本研究的伦理审批由奥克兰理工大学伦理委员会于2019年批准,数据重点分析了参与者在家庭和社区中的身份认同与关系体验。
研究发现
本文的主要发现表明,文化和社区对少数民族年轻酷儿的身份认同和家庭关系有深远影响。许多参与者表示,他们在家庭和文化社区中面临着性别和性取向的接受问题,尤其是在这些社区中,异性恋规范被视为道德和文化的正确选择。家庭往往优先考虑“体面政治”,即在维持社区认同的同时忽视孩子的性别与性取向的接纳,这加剧了酷儿年轻人与家庭和社区的隔阂。一些家庭选择支持酷儿成员,这帮助他们更好地与孩子建立联系,并扩展家庭的世界观。研究强调了针对文化和社区偏见的教育干预,以及为家庭提供支持,以便他们更好地理解和接纳酷儿身份的必要性。此外,社会中关于酷儿身份的误解、宗教价值观和文化信仰对年轻酷儿的心理健康和社会福祉造成了负面影响,揭示了族裔社区内部对酷儿的排斥与外部社会的排斥相似。最后,研究建议未来可以从社区和家庭的角度进一步探讨他们如何看待和回应酷儿家庭成员,以了解其对年轻人关系的影响。