标题
It's complicated: The impact of marriage legalization among sexual minority women and gender diverse individuals in the United States
摘要
This mixed-methods study explored perceptions of the impact of marriage legalization in all U.S. states among sexual minority women and gender diverse individuals. Survey data were collected from a nonprobability sample of individuals 18 years or older who identified as lesbian, bisexual, queer, same-sex attracted, or something other than exclusively heterosexual—as well as individuals who identified as transgender or gender nonbinary (e.g., genderqueer, trans woman, trans man, nonbinary, or gender nonconforming). The analytic sample included 418 participants in an online survey who responded to open-ended questions about the perceived impact of marriage legalization. Qualitative analyses revealed perceptions of marriage legalization that situated individual meanings in the context of broader political and social factors. Four themes represented the complex perceptions of participants about marriage legalization: (a) establishing a victory in civil rights, social inclusion, and acceptance; (b) creating a paradox between positives of legalization and limitations of marriage as an institution; (c) amplifying concerns for unaddressed safety and rights issues; and (d) contributing to the erosion of queer identity and community. Quantitative analyses revealed several differences by demographic characteristics, such as greater concern about the erosion of community among unmarried participants compared to participants who were married. Findings underscore the importance of policies that advance equality for sexual and gender minorities (SGMs), as well as the importance of research exploring how policies are perceived by and impact SGM subpopulations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)
研究问题
这项研究探讨了美国各州婚姻合法化对性少数女性和性别多样化个体的影响感知。研究聚焦于这些群体对婚姻合法化在社会、政治和个人层面的意义的看法。
方法与数据
这项研究采用混合方法（mixed-methods），通过在线调查收集了418名18岁及以上性少数女性（如女同性恋、双性恋、酷儿等）和性别多样化个体（如跨性别者、非二元性别者等）的非概率样本数据。调查包括开放式问题，探讨参与者对婚姻合法化影响的感知。研究结合了定性分析（揭示参与者对婚姻合法化的复杂看法）和定量分析（比较不同人口特征群体的差异）。
研究发现
研究发现，参与者对婚姻合法化的感知复杂且多维度，主要体现在四个方面：(a) 婚姻合法化被视为公民权利、社会包容和接纳的胜利；(b) 合法化的积极意义与婚姻制度的局限性之间存在矛盾；(c) 合法化放大了对未解决的安全和权利问题的担忧；(d) 合法化可能导致酷儿身份和社区的淡化。定量分析还发现，未婚参与者比已婚参与者更担心社区身份的淡化。研究强调了推动性少数和性别少数群体平等的政策的重要性，以及进一步研究政策如何被感知及其对子群体影响的必要性。